Equipment Composition
- Tank System: Pickling tanks, electrolytic tanks, rinsing tanks, passivation tanks, etc. High-grade corrosion-resistant materials (such as PVC/PP lining, granite, stainless steel cladding, or special alloys) are required.
- Crane and Lifting Equipment: Highly automated lines use program-controlled cranes to achieve precise lifting, traversing, and immersion time control. Lifting equipment must be acid-resistant.
- Acid Circulation and Heating System: Includes pumps, filters, and heat exchangers (usually made of graphite or Teflon) to maintain uniform acid concentration, temperature, and cleanliness.
- Electrolytic System: Rectifier power supply, electrode plates (lead-antimony alloy, DSA coated electrodes, etc.), and busbars.
Environmental Protection and Safety System (Core Focus):
- Acid Mist Collection and Treatment System: A sealed hood and exhaust pipes are installed above the tanks to guide acid mist (especially HF) to a spray tower (alkaline neutralization) for treatment before discharge to meet standards.
- Wastewater Treatment System: Pickling waste liquid and rinsing wastewater are rich in heavy metal ions (Cr³⁺, Ni²⁺, F⁻, etc.) and must be treated in a separate wastewater treatment plant (neutralization, precipitation, filtration, etc.) to meet national "Comprehensive Wastewater Discharge Standards" before discharge or reuse.
- Ventilation and Personal Protection: Overall workshop ventilation is required, and operators must be equipped with acid-resistant clothing, face masks, gloves, etc.
- Automatic Control System: PLC control is used to precisely manage the process parameters of each tank (time, temperature, concentration), crane movements, and production line rhythm.
Main Types
Continuous Pickling Line
Used for continuous high-speed processing of steel strips (coils), featuring the highest level of automation, and is the mainstream technology in modern industry.
Batch/Tank Pickling Line
Steel plates, pipes, profiles, or workpieces are immersed in large pickling tanks for processing. Suitable for large parts, small batches, or products with special shapes.
Electrolytic Pickling
Used to assist or replace chemical pickling. Stainless steel is used as the anode or cathode, and electricity is passed through an electrolyte solution. Electrochemical action accelerates the removal of oxide scale and the formation of a passivation film, resulting in higher efficiency and relatively less pollution.
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